Of all the types of composition, there are two basic formats: Symmetrical and Asymmetrical.

Symmetrical Composition

In a symmetrical composition, as seen directly to the right, the largest mass is typically placed at the center, with perfect balance on each side. This creates a strong sense of unity among the elements. The eye is drawn to the center of the symmetry as the most important point.

A symmetrical composition suggests formality. This type of composition was frequently seen in renaissance art. Creating two or more axes of symmetry that intersect in the middle pins us down even more. The potential problem with a symmetrical composition is that it can be stagnant and boring.

Asymmetrical Composition

A balanced asymmetrical composition is more difficult to achieve than a symmetrical composition. It creates a more dynamic feeling, and is often seen as less formal. You can see an example above, furthest to the right.

Think of an asymmetrical composition in terms of balancing elements on a scale. Smaller elements need to be shifted further from fulcrum to maintain the balance. Use of intense color or unusual shapes of smaller elements often need to be used in order to bring balance to larger ones.

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